Company registration in Hong Kong
Most of registration of a Hong Kong company is done in a form of a private company. Major restrictions of the private company include restrictions to transfer its shares; maximum number of shareholders is limited to 50; any public subscription of shares or deposits are prohibited.
Procedure for Hong Kong company incorporation
The procedure of the Hong Kong company incorporation is as following:
Minimum capital requirement for a Hong Kong company
Shareholders of a Hong Kong company must subscribe at least for two shares to start an Hong Kong company incorporation process. 0.01% of capital duty is charged on authorised share capital and share premium.
Shares at a Hong Kong company
There are the following classes of shares that can be issued by a Hong Kong company:
Share premium is allowed in Hong Kong. However, share premium is a subject to capital duty of 0.01%
Nominee shareholders are allowed in Hong Kong.
Proper instrument of share transfer is required to register the transfer of shares in a Hong Kong company.
Directors of a Hong Kong company
Minimum number of directors is one to start a Hong Kong company registration process. There is no restriction for foreign nationals to act as a director of a Hong Kong company.
Corporate directors are allowed in Hong Kong.
An annual general meeting of directors can be held outside of Hong Kong.
Shareholders of a Hong Kong company
There should be at least one shareholder. There are no restrictions for foreign individuals or corporate body to be a shareholder of a Hong Kong company. Number of shareholders of private company is limited to 50.
Corporate shareholding is allowed in Hong Kong only for private companies.
Secretary of a Hong Kong company
It is obligatory to have a secretary for a Hong Kong company. Secretary could be a natural person or a company who is a resident of Hong Kong. The company secretary is responsible for keeping and filing corporate document with the Registrar of Companies. A register of directors, shareholders, secretary and minutes of meetings have to be kept at the registered office of a Hong Kong company in Hong Kong.
Registered office
Every company in Hong Kong has to have a registered office where a register of directors, shareholder, secretary and minutes of general and director meetings are kept. All changes have to be filed with the Registrar of Companies within a month from a date of a change.
Accounts of a Hong Kong company
Every company in Hong Kong has to keep accounts. Accounts of the company have to be audited on an annual basis. Private companies are exempt from filing audited accounts with Registrar of Companies.
Tax System of Hong Kong
Below are the major taxes in Hong Kong
Taxable Income
Hong Kong operates territorial taxation principle. Income earned outside of Hong Kong is not a subject to Hong Kong income tax.
Residence test for companies
Taxpayers are taxed not on a residence status but on territorial principle where profit was earned.
Difference of tax treatment for income from different sources
Foreign source income is exempt from income tax in Hong Kong.
Income is not considered to be derived from Hong Kong if
Hong Kong and deemed Hong Kong source income is subject to income tax.
It is worth to notice that purchase or sales of commodities manufactured in Hong Kong is treated as a Hong Kong based income.
Trade in commodities is considered as wholly offshore or onshore for a tax assessment purpose. Even little trading activity in Hong Kong leads to whole profit classified as an onshore and subject to Hong Kong income tax.
In case of agency agreement, a source of income is where duties where performed.
Taxation of dividends
Dividend income is excluded from income tax. There is no withholding tax on outgoing dividends.
Taxation of royalties
Royalty income received from Hong Kong source is subject to income tax. There is no withholding tax on interest paid to non-residents. However, there are few exceptions from this rule.
Taxation of interest
Interest received is subject to income tax if it was earned in Hong Kong.
Capital Gains
There is no capital gain tax in Hong Kong.
Corporate income tax
Corporate income tax rate in Hong Kong is 16.5%.
Capital duties
Capital duty on increase of share capital is 0.01%
Net worth tax
There is no net worth tax in Hong Kong.
International aspects of Hong Kong taxation
Anti-avoidance regulation
Hong Kong tax code is following Australian Income Tax Model for anti-avoidance rules.
Thin capitalisation provision was introduced in 1984.
Transfer pricing
There is specific transfer pricing legislation in Hong Kong which is based on 1918 UK tax regulation.
System of Double Tax Treaties
Hong Kong signed more than 40 Double Tax Agreements (DTA) which can be successfully used for an international tax planning.